Muaj ntau yam uas yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau thaum lub sijhawm vuam. Yog tias tsis quav ntsej, nws yuav ua rau yuam kev loj.
Cov ntsiab lus txiav txim siab ua tiav lossis tsis ua tiav, thov nyeem nws ua siab ntev!
1 Tsis txhob xyuam xim xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws voltage thaum lub sij hawm vuam siv
[Phenomena] Thaum lub sij hawm vuam, tsis hais qhov loj ntawm qhov zawj, txawm tias nws yog lub hauv paus, txhaws lossis npog, tib qhov hluav taws xob arc raug xaiv. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, qhov yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau qhov tob thiab qhov dav yuav tsis ua tiav, thiab cov teeb meem xws li undercuts, pores, thiab spatter yuav tshwm sim.
[Kev ntsuas] Feem ntau, qhov sib thooj ntev arc lossis luv arc yuav tsum raug xaiv rau cov xwm txheej sib txawv kom tau txais vuam zoo dua thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo.
Piv txwv li, luv luv arc lag luam yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tau txais kev nkag tau zoo dua thaum lub sij hawm vuam hauv qab, thiab lub arc voltage yuav tsim nyog nce nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tau ntau dua efficiency thiab melting dav thaum sau welding los yog npog welding.
2 Vuam tsis tswj cov vuam tam sim no
[Phenomena] Thaum lub sij hawm vuam, thiaj li yuav tau txais kev nce qib, lub pob tw welds ntawm nruab nrab thiab tuab daim hlau tsis grooved. Lub zog Performance index poob, lossis txawm tias tsis ua raws li tus qauv yuav tsum tau ua, thiab cov kab nrib pleb tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm khoov. Qhov no yuav ua rau qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke tsis tuaj yeem lav thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov qauv.
[Kev ntsuas] Thaum vuam, vuam tam sim no yuav tsum tau tswj raws li cov txheej txheem kev soj ntsuam, thiab tso cai rau qhov hloov pauv ntawm 10 mus rau 15%. Lub blunt ntug loj ntawm qhov zawj yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 6 hli. Thaum docking, thaum phaj thickness tshaj 6 hli, bevels yuav tsum tau ua rau vuam.
3 Tsis txhob xyuam xim rau kev sib koom tes ntawm kev siv vuam ceev, vuam tam sim no, thiab txoj kab uas hla electrode
[Phenomena] Thaum vuam, tsis txhob xyuam xim rau kev tswj cov vuam ceev thiab vuam tam sim no, thiab tswj kev siv cov electrode txoj kab uas hla thiab vuam txoj hauj lwm.
Piv txwv li, thaum ua cov primer welding ntawm ib tug tag nrho nkag mus rau hauv lub kaum seam, vim lub nqaim hauv paus loj, yog hais tias lub vuam ceev ceev heev, lub hauv paus roj thiab slag inclusions tsis muaj txaus lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau tawm, uas tej zaum yuav yooj yim ua rau tsis xws luag. Raws li kev nkag mus tsis tiav, slag inclusions, thiab pores hauv paus. ; Thaum welding lub hau, yog tias qhov vuam ceev ceev heev, nws yooj yim los tsim qhov pores; Yog tias qhov vuam ceev qeeb dhau lawm, qhov vuam vuam yuav siab dhau thiab cov duab yuav tsis zoo; Thaum welding nyias daim hlau los yog welds nrog me me blunt npoo, qhov vuam ceev yuav siab dhau. Yooj yim thiab yooj yim rau burnout thiab lwm yam xwm txheej.
[Measures] Vuam ceev muaj feem cuam tshuam rau vuam zoo thiab vuam ntau lawm efficiency. Thaum xaiv, xaiv qhov tsim nyog vuam ceev raws li qhov vuam tam sim no, vuam seam txoj hauj lwm (hauv qab vuam, txhaws vuam, npog vuam), vuam seam thickness, thiab zawj loj. Ceev, nyob rau hauv lub premise ntawm kev ruaj ntseg nkag mus, yooj yim tso pa roj thiab vuam slag, tsis muaj burn-dhau, thiab zoo tsim, ib tug dua vuam ceev yog xaiv los txhim kho productivity thiab efficiency.
4 Tsis ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov ntev arc thaum lub sij hawm vuam
[Phenomena] Thaum lub sij hawm vuam, qhov ntev arc tsis raug kho raws li qhov zawj daim ntawv, tus naj npawb ntawm vuam txheej, vuam daim ntawv, electrode qauv, thiab lwm yam. Vim yog siv tsis zoo ntawm vuam arc ntev, nws yog ib qho nyuaj kom tau txais zoo welds. .
[Kev ntsuas] Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau qhov zoo ntawm cov vuam, kev ua haujlwm luv luv feem ntau yog siv thaum lub sijhawm vuam, tab sis qhov tsim nyog arc ntev tuaj yeem raug xaiv raws li cov xwm txheej sib txawv kom tau txais qhov zoo tshaj plaws vuam zoo, xws li thawj kauj ruam ntawm V-shaped. groove pob qij txha thiab kaum pob qij txha. Thawj txheej yuav tsum siv lub luv arc kom nkag mus yam tsis muaj undercutting, thiab txheej thib ob tuaj yeem ntev me ntsis los sau cov vuam. Thaum qhov sib txawv weld me me, yuav tsum siv lub arc luv. Thaum qhov sib txawv loj, lub arc tuaj yeem ntev me ntsis thiab qhov vuam ceev yuav nrawm dua. Lub arc rau lub taub hau vuam yuav tsum yog luv tshaj plaws kom tsis txhob molten hlau los ntawm ntws downwards; Txhawm rau tswj qhov kub ntawm lub pas dej molten thaum lub sij hawm ntsug thiab kab rov tav vuam, me me tam sim no thiab luv arc vuam yuav tsum tau siv.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi ntawm kev siv vuam, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau kev ua kom lub arc ntev tsis hloov thaum lub sij hawm txav los xyuas kom meej tias qhov dav nkag mus thiab qhov tob tob ntawm tag nrho cov vuam zoo ib yam.
5 Vuam tsis tau them nyiaj rau kev tswj vuam deformation
[Phenomena] Thaum vuam, koj tsis xyuam xim rau kev tswj deformation los ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm vuam ib ntus, kev npaj cov neeg ua haujlwm, groove daim ntawv, welding specification xaiv thiab kev ua hauj lwm txoj kev, thiab lwm yam, uas ua rau kom loj deformation tom qab vuam, nyuaj kho, thiab nce nqi, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov phaj tuab thiab loj workpieces. Kev kho yog qhov nyuaj, thiab kev kho tshuab kho tau yooj yim ua rau tawg lossis lamellar kua muag. Tus nqi ntawm kev kho cov nplaim hluav taws kub yog siab thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau overheating ntawm workpiece.
Rau cov khoom ua haujlwm nrog cov kev xav tau siab, yog tias tsis muaj kev tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm zoo, kev teeb tsa qhov ntev ntawm lub workpiece yuav tsis ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau siv, thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau rov ua dua lossis khawb.
[Kev ntsuas] Txais qhov tsim nyog vuam ib ntus thiab xaiv qhov tsim nyog vuam specifications thiab cov txheej txheem kev khiav hauj lwm, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv deformation thiab nruj kho ntsuas.
6 Multi-layer welding yog nqa tawm tsis tu ncua thiab tsis muaj kev saib xyuas los tswj qhov kub ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg
[Phenomena] Thaum welding ntau txheej tuab daim hlau, tsis txhob xyuam xim rau qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Yog hais tias lub sij hawm nruab nrab ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntev dhau lawm, welding tsis reheating yuav yooj yim ua rau txias tawg ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg; Yog tias lub sijhawm luv luv, qhov kub ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yuav yog qhov kub thiab txias (ntau tshaj 900 ° C), nws tseem yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov vuam thiab cov cua sov, ua rau cov nplej ntxhib, uas ua rau txo qis hauv cov khoom siv. toughness thiab plasticity, thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij hauv cov pob qij txha.
[Kev ntsuas] Thaum vuam ntau txheej tuab daim hlau, kev tswj ntawm cov txheej txheem kub yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog. Thaum lub sij hawm welding tsis tu ncua, qhov ntsuas kub ntawm cov khoom siv vuam yuav tsum raug kuaj xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem kub sib txawv raws li qhov ua tau nrog qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov ntsuas kub. Qhov kub siab tshaj plaws kuj yuav tsum tau tswj.
Lub sijhawm vuam yuav tsum tsis txhob ntev dhau. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm vuam cuam tshuam, tsim nyog tom qab cua sov thiab kev txuag hluav taws xob ntsuas yuav tsum tau ua. Thaum welding dua, qhov rov ua dua qhov ntsuas kub yuav tsum tsim nyog siab dua qhov kub ntawm qhov pib preheating.
7 Multi-layer welds yog welded nyob rau hauv qis txheej yam tsis tau tshem tawm vuam slag thiab defects ntawm weld nto.
[Phenomena] Thaum welding ntau txheej ntawm daim hlau tuab, vuam ntawm cov txheej qis yog nqa tawm ncaj qha yam tsis tau tshem tawm cov vuam slag thiab qhov tsis xws luag tom qab txhua txheej vuam. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li slag inclusions, pores, kab nrib pleb thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag hauv cov vuam, txo qhov kev sib txuas ntawm lub zog thiab ua rau vuam ntawm cov txheej qis. lub sijhawm tawg.
[Kev ntsuas] Thaum vuam cov phaj tuab hauv ntau txheej, txhua txheej yuav tsum tau welded tsis tu ncua. Tom qab txhua txheej ntawm vuam seam yog welded, vuam slag, vuam seam defects thiab spatter yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm. Yog tias muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li slag inclusions, pores, tawg thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag uas cuam tshuam rau vuam zoo, lawv yuav tsum raug tshem tawm tag nrho ua ntej vuam.
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8 Tsis txaus fillet loj rau pob tw los yog kaum pob tw ua ke welds xav tau kev nkag mus
[Phenomena] Lub pob tw los yog kaum pob tw ua ke welds uas yuav tsum tau nkag mus xws li T-shaped pob qij txha, hla pob qij txha, kaum pob qij txha, thiab lwm yam. muaj qhov tsis txaus weld ceg loj, lossis lub vev xaib thiab sab sauv ntawm lub crane nqaj lossis cov khoom zoo sib xws uas yuav tsum tau suav nrog qaug zog yog tsim. Yog hais tias qhov loj ntawm lub weld ceg ntawm lub phaj ntug kev twb kev txuas weld tsis txaus, lub zog thiab nruj ntawm weld yuav tsis ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau tsim.
[Kev ntsuas] T-shaped pob qij txha, hla cov pob qij txha, kaum pob qij txha thiab lwm cov pob qij txha ua ke uas yuav tsum tau nkag mus yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv tsim thiab yuav tsum muaj cov ceg vuam txaus. Feem ntau, qhov vuam ceg loj yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 0.25t (t yog qhov sib txuas taw tes thinner phaj tuab). Cov ceg loj ntawm cov vuam txuas lub vev xaib thiab sab sauv ntawm lub crane nqaj lossis lub vev xaib zoo sib xws uas tsim los kom muaj kev txheeb xyuas qhov qaug zog yog 0.5t thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob loj dua 10mm. Qhov tso cai sib txawv ntawm vuam qhov ntev yog 0 ~ 4 hli.
9 Vuam ntsaws lub vuam pas nrig lossis hlau thaiv rau hauv qhov sib txuas
[Phenomena] Vim tias nws nyuaj rau fuse cov electrode tip los yog hlau thaiv nrog cov welded piece thaum lub sij hawm vuam, vuam tsis xws li tsis muaj fusion thiab tsis muaj kev nkag mus yuav tshwm sim, thiab kev sib txuas lub zog yuav raug txo. Yog hais tias lub vuam pas nrig taub hau los yog hlau thaiv yog muaj xeb, nws yog ib qho nyuaj los xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus khoom; Yog hais tias lub vuam pas nrig taub hau los yog hlau thaiv muaj cov roj stains, impurities, thiab lwm yam, nws yuav ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li pores, slag inclusions, thiab tawg hauv qhov vuam. Cov xwm txheej no yuav txo tau qhov zoo ntawm cov welds ntawm cov pob qij txha thiab ua tsis tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev tsim thiab kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov welds.
【 ntsuas】
(1) Thaum sib dhos qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm loj, tab sis tsis pub dhau qhov kev tso cai siv ntau, thiab sib dhos qhov sib txawv ntau dua 2 npaug ntawm cov ntawv tuab lossis ntau dua 20 hli, cov txheej txheem surfacing yuav tsum tau siv los ua kom tiav cov txheej txheem. qhov chaw lossis txo qhov sib dhos sib dhos. Nws yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub siv txoj kev sau cov vuam pas nrig taub hau lossis hlau thaiv kev kho vuam hauv qhov sib koom ua ke.
(2) Thaum ua tiav thiab kos cov khoom, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau qhov txaus txiav nyiaj thiab vuam shrinkage nyiaj pub dawb tom qab txiav, thiab tswj qhov loj ntawm qhov chaw. Tsis txhob nce qhov sib txawv kom ntseeg tau tias qhov loj me.
10 Tsis txhob saib xyuas qhov sib txuas ntawm cov khoom sib txuas nrog cov welds
[Phenomena] Rau cov khoom siv nrog cov ntoo khaub lig welds, peb tsis xyuam xim rau qhov tsim nyog ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm vuam los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm vuam thiab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm vuam kev nyuaj siab ntawm cov khoom deformation, tab sis weld randomly vertically thiab horizontally. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, txoj hlua ntsug thiab kab rov tav yuav raug txwv ib leeg, ua rau loj dua Qhov kub thiab txias shrinkage kev ntxhov siab yuav ua rau lub phaj deform, ua rau lub phaj nto tsis sib xws, thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau tawg ntawm cov welds.
[Kev ntsuas] Rau cov khoom siv nrog cov ntoo khaub lig welds, yuav tsum tsim kom muaj qhov tsim nyog vuam sib lawv liag. Thaum muaj ob peb ntsug thiab kab rov tav hla welds yuav tsum tau welded, transverse seams nrog loj shrinkage deformation yuav tsum tau welded ua ntej, thiab ces cov longitudinal welds. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, lub transverse welds yuav tsis raug txwv los ntawm longitudinal welds thiab shrinkage kev nyuaj siab ntawm transverse seams yuav raug txo. Kev tso tawm yam tsis muaj kev txwv tsis pub tuaj yeem txo cov vuam deformation thiab xyuas kom cov vuam zoo, los yog vuam pob tw welds ua ntej thiab tom qab ntawd fillet welds.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-01-2023
