Txoj kev nqaim welding txheej txheem belongs rau txoj kev sib sib zog nqus thiab nqaim groove vuam txheej txheem ntawm tuab workpieces. Feem ntau, qhov tob-rau-dav piv ntawm qhov zawj tuaj yeem ncav cuag 10-15. Thaum siv cov txheej txheem submerged arc vuam, muaj teeb meem ntawm kev tshem tawm slag thiab tshem tawm ntawm lub plhaub slag ntawm txhua qhov vuam. Nyob rau hauv dav dav submerged arc vuam txheej txheem, nws cia siab tias lub plhaub slag tuaj yeem poob tawm. Yog tias lub plhaub slag tsis tuaj yeem poob tawm, nws yuav nyuaj heev rau manually tshem tawm lub plhaub slag rau qhov tob thiab nqaim qhov dav ntawm tsuas yog 20-30 mm. Vim li no, los ntawm kev xyaum ntawm submerged arc vuam txheej txheem txoj kev, tib neeg tau tshawb xyuas qhov sib txawv nqaim submerged arc vuam txheej txheem txheej txheem uas lub plhaub slag tuaj yeem poob tawm tau - "ntses nplai" weld nqaim qhov sib txawv submerged arc vuam txheej txheem.
Qhov txawv ntawm qhov "ntses nplais" weld thiab "concave" weld (Daim duab 2-36) yog tias lub plhaub slag muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv vim qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm lub plhaub slag thiab sab phab ntsa ntawm lub workpiece (Daim duab 2 -37). Qhov nro ntawm qhov "ntses nplai" weld tuaj yeem ua rau lub plhaub slag poob tawm; Thaum qhov nro ntawm qhov "concave" weld ua rau lub plhaub slag khov kho rau sab phab ntsa ntawm lub workpiece. Raws li cov laj thawj saum toj no, qhov sib txawv nqaim submerged arc vuam txheej txheem yuav tsum tsis txhob siv "concave" weld, tab sis yuav tsum siv "ntses nplai" weld.
Submerged arc vuam tuaj yeem nkag mus rau workpieces nrog lub thickness tsawg dua 20 hli hauv ib qho mus. Vim lub pas dej loj molten, txhawm rau ua kom tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim hauv ib qho mus, yuav tsum tau siv cov ntaub ntawv yuam kev kom tso cai rau lub pas dej molten kom txias thiab khov rau ntawm liner, txwv tsis pub lub workpiece yuav raug hlawv yooj yim los ntawm. Qhov tob ntawm qhov nkag thaum lub sij hawm tshem tawm vuam yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 2/3 ntawm lub phaj thickness. Cov txheej txheem hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv rau kev sib txuas ib leeg thiab ob sab sib sau ua welds (Daim duab 2-35):
1) Vuam ntawm tooj liab ncoo. 2) Vuam ntawm ib ntus ceramic ncoo. 3) Vuam ntawm flux pad. 4) Vuam ntawm lub ncoo mus tas li los yog xauv hauv qab vuam. Rau cov kabmob sib koom ua ke ntawm pob tw-welded steel daim hlau sib txawv ntawm cov thicknesses sib txawv, yog tias qhov sib txawv ntawm ob daim hlau sib txawv ntau tshaj li qhov tau teev tseg hauv tus qauv, qhov zawj qhov loj yog xaiv raws li qhov tuab ntawm cov phaj tuab, lossis cov phaj tuab. yog thinned ntawm ib los yog ob sab rau tib lub thickness raws li nyias phaj. Qhov no tuaj yeem zam kev ntxhov siab los ntawm kev hloov pauv tam sim ntawd hauv ntu ntu ntawm lub pob tw vuam sib koom ua ke.
1) Qhov tso cai thickness sib txawv ntawm cov phaj thicknesses muaj nyob rau hauv Table 2-1.
2) Thinning ntev. Thaum thinning ntawm ib sab, qhov ntev yog 1/2 ntawm qhov ntawd thaum thinning ntawm ib sab, raws li qhia hauv daim duab Thinning ntev L}3 (s2一s}); Thaum thinning ntawm ob sab, qhov thinning yog 2-34.
Thaum welding pob qij txha ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm daim hlau, lub vuam hlau yuav tsum nyob rau ntawm txoj kab nruab nrab ntawm qhov vuam. Yog tias qhov vuam hlau tsis yog qhov nruab nrab, nws yuav ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws li kev nkag mus tsis tiav thiab vuam offset. Thaum vuam pob qij txha ntawm cov phaj tuab tsis sib npaug, cov vuam hlau yuav tsum tau ua rau cov phaj tuab kom nws qhov nrawm nrawm yog tib yam li cov phaj nyias, kom cov vuam tsim tau zoo. Daim duab 2-31 qhia txog qhov offset ntawm cov vuam hlau rau pob qij txha.
Cov kev taw qhia thiab qhov loj ntawm cov vuam hlau inclination txawv, thiab "arc tshuab quab yuam" thiab thermal nyhuv ntawm arc ntawm lub pas dej molten kuj sib txawv, uas ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm kev tsim vuam. Hauv kev xyaum vuam, qhov dav dav, kev tshawb nrhiav molten thiab tsim coefficient ntawm vuam tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm kev hloov cov kev taw qhia thiab qhov loj ntawm vuam hlau inclination. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum raug zam tias qhov vuam hlau inclination loj dhau, txwv tsis pub nws yuav tsim cov vuam tsis zoo. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kev taw qhia thiab qhov loj ntawm cov vuam hlau inclination ntawm lub vuam tsim yog qhia hauv daim duab 2-30.
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Ua kom qhov ntev ntawm cov vuam hlau nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov vuam tam sim no tuaj yeem ua rau cov vuam hlau xaim ceev ntawm 25% mus rau 50%, tab sis thaum lub arc voltage qis, qhov tob tob thiab qhov dav ntawm vuam yuav txo. Cov duab ntawm cov welded nrog cov vuam hlau nrog qhov ntev txuas ntxiv yog txawv kiag li ntawm cov vuam vuam nrog cov vuam hlau nrog qhov ntev ntev. Yog li ntawd, thaum xav tau qhov tob tob tob, nws tsis pom zoo kom nce qhov ntev ntawm cov vuam hlau. Thaum qhov txuas ntxiv ntev ntawm cov vuam hlau yog nce ntxiv kom cov vuam hlau xaim nrawm, qhov hluav taws xob arc yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv rau tib lub sijhawm kom muaj qhov tsim nyog arc ntev.
Submerged arc vuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm preheating lub vuam hlau tuaj yeem ua rau kom nrawm nrawm ntawm vuam hlau thiab qhov nyiaj ntawm vuam hlau tso tawm yam tsis tau nce cov cua sov ntawm cov khoom siv hauv paus, yog li ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txhim kho vuam efficiency. Qhov ntev ntawm cov vuam hlau thiab preheating ntawm vuam hlau yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 2-29.
Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob arc hwj chim, kev hloov ntawm vuam ceev hloov lub tshav kub input ntawm lub weld, yog li hloov lub weld qhov tob thiab dav. Thaum vuam ceev ceev, vim tsis txaus arc cua sov ntawm lub vuam, qhov vuam qhov tob thiab qhov dav yuav txo qis, qhov sib piv ntawm fusion yuav txo qis, thiab nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, cov teeb meem xws li undercut, incomplete penetration thiab porosity yuav tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, thaum nce vuam ceev, lub zog arc yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv kom lub vuam qhov tob thiab qhov dav tsis tu ncua. Daim duab 2-28 qhia txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm vuam ceev ntawm kev tsim cov vuam.
Thaum lub sij hawm submerged arc vuam, lub arc voltage yog txiav txim raws li qhov loj ntawm vuam tam sim no, uas yog, ntawm ib tug tej yam vuam tam sim no, lub arc ntev yuav tsum tau khaws cia tas mus li kom ntseeg tau tias lub arc "hlawv" stably thiab lub vuam yog tsim tsim nyog. . Txawm li cas los xij, cov xwm txheej hauv qab no yuav tsum tau kho sib txawv:
1) Thaum lub npoo npoo ntawm ntau txheej weld tsis zoo sib sau los yog lub hauv paus qhov sib txawv ntawm lub taub qab vuam loj dhau, qhov hluav taws xob arc yuav tsum tsis txhob me dhau. 2) Sib sib zog nqus groove welds yuav tsum tsis txhob welded nrog ib tug ntau dua arc voltage. Kev tsim cov vuam ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb sib xws rau qhov sib txawv arc voltages yog qhia hauv daim duab 2-27.
Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob, hloov lub vuam tam sim no yuav hloov lub melting ceev ntawm vuam hlau thiab qhov tob tob ntawm lub vuam. Txawm li cas los xij, kev nce qhov vuam tam sim no ntau dhau yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dhau ntawm qhov siab thiab qhov tob tob ntawm qhov vuam, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev tsim vuam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov kev tsim vuam ntau dhau ua rau lub ntsws ntawm cov vuam, yog li ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li vuam tawg, qhov pores, slag suav nrog, nrog rau cov cheeb tsam uas muaj cua sov ntau dhau thiab cov vuam ntau dhau deformation. Yog li ntawd, thaum nce lub vuam tam sim no, lub arc voltage yuav tsum tau nce raws li kom ntseeg tau tias ib tug haum weld zoo. Cov vuam tsis xws luag uas yuav tshwm sim los ntawm cov vuam tam sim no ntau dhau yog qhia hauv daim duab 2-26.
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-29-2024
