【Abstract】 Tungsten inert gas vuam yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev vuam txoj kev nyob rau hauv niaj hnub industrial manufacturing. Daim ntawv no txheeb xyuas qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj steel hlau vuam pas dej ua ke thiab vuam deformation ntawm nyias phaj, thiab qhia txog cov txheej txheem vuam qhov tseem ceeb thiab cov tswv yim siv ntawm phau ntawv tungsten inert gas vuam ntawm stainless hlau nyias daim hlau.
Taw qhia
Nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub no, stainless hlau nyias daim hlau yog dav siv hauv kev tiv thaiv, aviation, tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam, hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam lag luam, thiab vuam ntawm 1-3 hli stainless hlau nyias daim hlau kuj nce. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua tus txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm stainless hlau nyias phaj vuam.
Tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) siv pulsed arc, uas muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov cua sov input, concentrated cua sov, me me tshav kub cuam tshuam cheeb tsam, me me vuam deformation, uniform cua sov input, thiab zoo tswj ntawm kab zog; Kev tiv thaiv huab cua muaj qhov ua kom txias thaum lub sij hawm vuam, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov kub ntawm lub pas dej molten thiab ua rau kom qhov nro ntawm lub pas dej molten; TIG yog ib qho yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, yooj yim los soj ntsuam lub xeev ntawm lub pas dej molten, ntom welds, zoo mechanical zog, thiab zoo nkauj nto tsim. Tam sim no, TIG yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub vuam ntawm stainless hlau nyias daim hlau.
1. Technical yam tseem ceeb ntawm tungsten inert gas vuam
1.1 Kev xaiv ntawm tungsten inert roj vuam tshuab thiab lub zog polarity
TIG tuaj yeem muab faib ua DC thiab AC pulses. DC pulse TIG yog tsuas yog siv rau vuam hlau, me me hlau, kub-resistant steel, thiab lwm yam, thiab AC pulse TIG yog tsuas yog siv rau vuam lub teeb hlau xws li txhuas, magnesium, tooj liab thiab nws alloys. Ob lub AC thiab DC pulses siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qis qis. TIG vuam ntawm stainless hlau nyias daim hlau feem ntau siv DC zoo txuas.
1.2 Txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm phau ntawv tungsten inert gas vuam
1.2.1 Arc pib
Arc pib muaj ob hom: tsis sib cuag thiab tiv tauj luv luv-circuit arc pib. Cov qub tsis muaj kev sib cuag ntawm cov electrode thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm, uas yog tsim rau ob qho tib si DC thiab AC vuam, thaum lub tom kawg tsuas yog tsim rau DC vuam. Yog tias txoj kev luv luv yog siv los pib lub arc, lub arc yuav tsum tsis txhob pib ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov vuam, vim nws yooj yim los tsim tungsten clamping los yog adhesion nrog lub workpiece, lub arc tsis tuaj yeem ruaj khov tam sim ntawd, thiab cov arc yog ib qho yooj yim. ua txhaum ntawm niam txiv cov khoom. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau siv lub arc pib phaj. Lub phaj tooj liab yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw pib arc. Lub arc yuav tsum tau pib ntawm nws ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd lub taub hau tungsten electrode yuav tsum tau rhuab mus rau qhov kub thiab txias ua ntej tsiv mus rau qhov chaw yuav tsum tau welded. Hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag, TIG feem ntau siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob los pib lub arc. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm high-frequency tam sim no los yog high-voltage mem tes tam sim no, cov roj argon yog ionized thiab lub arc pib.
1.2.2 Qhov chaw vuam
Thaum muab tso rau vuam, cov vuam hlau yuav tsum yog nyias dua li cov vuam hlau uas nquag siv. Vim tias qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov ceev ceev thaum lub sij hawm vuam, lub arc nyob twj ywm rau lub sij hawm ntev, yog li nws yooj yim rau hlawv. Thaum ua qhov chaw ruaj khov vuam, lub vuam hlau yuav tsum muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw vuam, thiab cov arc yuav tsum tau txav mus rau qhov vuam hlau tom qab nws ruaj khov. Tom qab lub vuam hlau melts thiab fuses nrog niam txiv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ob sab, lub arc nres sai sai.
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1.2.3 Ib txwm vuam
Thaum TIG zoo tib yam siv rau stainless hlau ntawv vuam, qhov tam sim no raug coj los ua tus nqi me me. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum tam sim no tsawg dua 20A, arc drift yog ib qho yooj yim tshwm sim, thiab cathode qhov chaw kub siab heev, uas yuav ua rau cua sov thiab hlawv hauv qhov chaw vuam thiab deteriorate cov electron emission tej yam kev mob, ua rau lub cathode qhov chaw dhia mus tas li. , ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev tswj cov vuam ib txwm. Thaum siv cov mem tes TIG, lub ncov tam sim no tuaj yeem ua rau lub arc ruaj khov thiab muaj kev ncaj ncees zoo, ua kom yooj yim rau cov khoom siv niam txiv thiab tsim nws, thiab hloov mus rau lub voj voog los xyuas kom meej qhov kev vam meej ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam, thiaj li tau txais cov khoom siv vuam. nrog kev ua tau zoo, zoo nkauj tsos, thiab sib tshooj molten pas dej ua ke.
2. Weldability tsom xam ntawm stainless hlau ntawv
Cov khoom siv lub cev thiab phaj zoo ntawm cov ntawv stainless hlau ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm vuam. Stainless hlau ntawv muaj ib tug me me thermal conductivity thiab ib tug loj linear expansion coefficient. Thaum lub vuam kub hloov pauv sai, qhov thermal stress generated yog loj, thiab nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus hlawv los ntawm, undercut thiab yoj deformation. Stainless hlau ntawv welding feem ntau txais cov phaj tiaj tus taub qab vuam. Lub pas dej molten feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm lub zog arc, lub ntiajteb txawj nqus ntawm lub pas dej molten hlau thiab qhov nro ntawm lub pas dej molten hlau. Thaum lub ntim, loj thiab molten dav ntawm lub pas dej molten hlau yog tas li, qhov tob ntawm lub pas dej molten nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub arc. Qhov tob molten thiab arc quab yuam yog cuam tshuam nrog vuam tam sim no, thiab qhov dav molten yog txiav txim siab los ntawm arc voltage.
Qhov loj ntawm lub pas dej molten ntim, qhov loj dua qhov nro. Thaum qhov nro tsis tuaj yeem sib npaug ntawm lub zog arc thiab lub ntiajteb txawj nqus ntawm lub pas dej molten hlau, nws yuav ua rau lub pas dej molten hlawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub vuam yuav tsum nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam cua sov thiab txias thaum lub sij hawm vuam txheej txheem, ua rau tsis sib xws kev nyuaj siab thiab strain. Thaum lub longitudinal shortening ntawm cov weld ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab nyob rau ntawm ntug ntawm lub phaj nyias uas ntau tshaj ib qho nqi, nws yuav ua rau cov yoj deformation hnyav dua, cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm. Raws li tib txoj kev vuam thiab cov txheej txheem tsis ua haujlwm, siv tungsten electrodes ntawm cov duab sib txawv los txo cov cua sov tawm ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke tuaj yeem daws cov teeb meem xws li vuam kub-dhau thiab workpiece deformation.
3. Daim ntawv thov ntawm phau ntawv tungsten inert gas welding hauv stainless hlau ntawv vuam
3.1 Vuam txoj cai
Tungsten inert gas welding yog ib qho qhib arc vuam nrog ruaj khov arc thiab concentrated cua sov. Nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm inert gas (argon), lub vuam pas dej ua ke yog ntshiab thiab cov weld zoo yog zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum vuam stainless hlau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog austenitic stainless hlau, lub nraub qaum ntawm lub vuam kuj tseem yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv, txwv tsis pub nws yuav ua rau oxidation loj, cuam tshuam rau kev tsim vuam thiab vuam kev ua tau zoo.
3.2 Welding yam ntxwv
Lub vuam ntawm stainless hlau ntawv muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
1) Cov thermal conductivity ntawm stainless hlau ntawv tsis zoo thiab nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus hlawv los ntawm ncaj qha.
2) Tsis muaj vuam hlau yuav tsum tau siv thaum vuam, thiab cov khoom siv niam txiv yog ncaj qha fused.
Yog li ntawd, qhov zoo ntawm stainless hlau daim ntawv vuam yog ze ze rau yam xws li cov neeg ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv, kev tsim kho, ib puag ncig sab nraud thaum vuam thiab tshawb pom.
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem vuam ntawm cov ntawv hlau stainless, cov khoom siv vuam tsis tas yuav tsum tau, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no yuav tsum muaj qhov siab: Ua ntej, qhov purity, ntws tus nqi thiab argon ntws lub sij hawm ntawm argon gas, thiab thib ob, tungsten electrode.
1) Argon
Argon yog ib qho roj inert thiab tsis yooj yim rau hnov mob nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv hlau thiab roj. Vim tias nws cov roj ntws muaj qhov ua kom txias, qhov chaw tshav kub cuam tshuam ntawm qhov vuam yog me me, thiab qhov deformation ntawm vuam yog me me. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv roj rau tungsten inert gas arc vuam. Lub purity ntawm argon yuav tsum ntau dua 99.99%. Argon feem ntau yog siv los tiv thaiv lub pas dej molten, tiv thaiv huab cua los ntawm eroding lub pas dej molten thiab ua rau oxidation thaum lub sij hawm vuam, thiab zoo cais thaj chaw weld los ntawm huab cua, yog li ntawd thaj tsam weld tiv thaiv thiab vuam kev ua tau zoo.
2) Tungsten electrode
Qhov saum npoo ntawm tungsten electrode yuav tsum du, qhov kawg yuav tsum tau sharpened, thiab concentricity yog zoo. Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, lub high-frequency arc yog zoo, lub arc stability yog zoo, lub melting qhov tob yog tob, lub molten pas dej ua ke yuav nyob ruaj khov, lub weld yog zoo tsim, thiab cov vuam zoo yog zoo. Yog hais tias qhov saum npoo ntawm tungsten electrode raug hlawv los yog muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li cov pa phem, tawg, qhov shrinkage, thiab lwm yam nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw, qhov siab-frequency arc nyuaj pib thaum vuam, arc tsis ruaj khov, arc muaj drift, molten pas dej ua ke yog dispersed, nto yog nthuav, lub melting qhov tob yog ntiav, lub weld yog tsis zoo tsim, thiab lub vuam zoo yog tsis zoo.
4. Cov lus xaus
1) Tungsten inert gas arc vuam muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo, thiab cov duab sib txawv tungsten electrode muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau kev vuam zoo ntawm stainless hlau nyias daim hlau.
2) Flat-top cone-kawg tungsten inert electrode welding tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kev sib txuas ntawm ob sab ntawm ib sab vuam, txo qhov vuam kub cuam tshuam cheeb tsam, ua kom lub vuam zoo nkauj, thiab muaj cov khoom siv zoo.
3) Siv txoj kev vuam kom raug tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov tsis xws luag.
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-21-2024
