Thaum tshav kub kub-resistant steel yog hais txog cov hlau uas muaj thermal stability thiab thermal zog nyob rau hauv kub kub. Thermal stability yog hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm cov hlau kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg tshuaj (corrosion resistance, non-oxidation) nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Thermal zog yog hais txog lub zog txaus ntawm cov hlau nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Lub tshav kub tsis kam yog tsuas yog los ntawm cov hlau alloy xws li chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, titanium, thiab niobium. Yog li ntawd, kev xaiv cov khoom siv vuam yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau hauv lub hauv paus. Thaum tshav kub kub-resistant steel yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm petroleum thiab petrochemical kev lag luam khoom. Feem ntau ntawm cov pearlitic tshav kub-resistant steel peb feem ntau tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov ntsiab lus qis dua, xws li 15CrMo, 1Cr5Mo, thiab lwm yam.
1 Weldability ntawm chromium-molybdenum tshav kub-resistant steel
Chromium thiab molybdenum yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm pearlitic tshav kub-resistant steel, uas ua kom lub zog kub kub thiab kub oxidation tsis kam ntawm cov hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv ua rau qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau tsis zoo thiab muaj qhov sib txawv hauv qhov chaw vuam thiab qhov kub thiab txias. Tom qab txias hauv huab cua, nws yog ib qho yooj yim los tsim ib qho nyuaj thiab nkig martensite qauv, uas tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau cov neeg kho tshuab cov khoom ntawm cov welded sib koom, tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab nyob rau hauv loj, uas ua rau ib tug nyiam ntawm txias cracking.
Yog li ntawd, qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb thaum vuam kub-resistant steel yog cov kab nrib pleb, thiab peb yam uas ua rau tawg yog: qauv, kev ntxhov siab thiab cov ntsiab lus hydrogen hauv cov vuam. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb los tsim cov txheej txheem vuam tsim nyog.
2 Pearlitic tshav kub-resistant steel vuam txheej txheem
2.1 Sib
Lub bevel feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm cov nplaim taws lossis cov txheej txheem plasma. Yog tias tsim nyog, txiav yuav tsum tau preheated. Tom qab polishing, PT tshuaj xyuas yuav tsum tau ua kom tshem tawm cov kab nrib pleb ntawm lub bevel. Feem ntau yog siv V-shaped zawj, nrog lub kaum sab xis ntawm 60 °. Los ntawm kev pom ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov kab nrib pleb, lub kaum sab xis loj dua yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, tab sis nws ua kom cov vuam ntau ntxiv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov zawj thiab ob sab ntawm sab hauv yog polished kom tshem tawm cov roj thiab xeb. thiab ya raws thiab lwm yam kab mob (tshem hydrogen thiab tiv thaiv pores).
2.2 Kev sib tw
Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom lub rooj sib txoos tsis tuaj yeem raug yuam kom tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab sab hauv. Txij li thaum chromium-molybdenum tshav kub-resistant steel muaj ib qho kev nyiam ntau dua rau kev tawg, qhov kev txwv ntawm qhov vuam yuav tsum tsis txhob loj dhau thaum vuam kom tsis txhob muaj qhov nruj heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum vuam tuab daim hlau. Kev siv cov hlua khi, cov hlua khi thiab cov hlua khi uas tso cai rau cov welded kom tsis txhob muaj kev ywj pheej yuav tsum zam kom ntau li ntau tau.
2.3 Xaiv txoj kev vuam
Tam sim no, feem ntau siv vuam txoj hauv kev rau cov kav dej vuam hauv peb cov roj av thiab cov roj av petrochemical yog tungsten arc vuam rau lub hauv paus txheej thiab electrode arc vuam rau lub npog npog. Lwm txoj kev vuam muaj xws li molten inert gas shielded welding (MIG welding), CO2 roj shielded vuam, Electroslag vuam thiab submerged arc tsis siv neeg vuam, thiab lwm yam.
2.4 Kev xaiv cov khoom siv vuam
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom siv vuam yog tias cov alloy muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab lub zog ntawm cov hlau vuam yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov cim qhia ntawm lub hauv paus hlau los yog yuav tsum tau ua kom tau raws li qhov tsawg kawg nkaus kev ua tau zoo qhia tau los ntawm cov khoom siv kev mob. Txhawm rau txo cov ntsiab lus hydrogen, yuav tsum siv cov pas nrig qis-hydrogen alkaline vuam ua ntej. Lub vuam pas nrig lossis flux yuav tsum tau qhuav raws li cov txheej txheem sau tseg thiab tshem tawm raws li xav tau. Nws yuav tsum tau muab ntsia rau hauv lub vuam pas nrig rwb thaiv tsev thoob thiab muab tshem tawm raws li xav tau. Yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 4 hauv lub welding pas nrig rwb thaiv tsev thoob. teev, txwv tsis pub nws yuav tsum tau qhuav dua, thiab cov sij hawm ziab yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj peb zaug. Muaj cov txheej txheem ntxaws ntxaws hauv cov txheej txheem tsim kho tshwj xeeb. Thaum tes arc vuam ntawm chromium-molybdenum tshav kub-resistant hlau, austenitic stainless hlau electrodes, xws li A307 electrodes, kuj siv tau, tab sis preheating tseem yuav tsum tau ua ntej vuam. Txoj kev no yog tsim rau cov xwm txheej uas qhov vuam tsis tuaj yeem kho cua sov tom qab vuam.
2.5 Preheating
Preheating yog ib qho txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau kev vuam cov kab nrib pleb thiab kev ntxhov siab ntawm pearlitic tshav kub-resistant steel. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau qhov zoo ntawm vuam, txawm tias nws yog qhov chaw vuam lossis thaum lub sijhawm vuam, nws yuav tsum tau preheated thiab khaws cia nyob rau hauv ib qho kev ntsuas kub.
2.6 Kev ua kom txias qeeb tom qab vuam
Kev ua kom txias qeeb tom qab vuam yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li nruj me ntsis thaum vuam chromium-molybdenum kub-resistant hlau. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua txawm nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov kub. Feem ntau, daim ntaub asbestos yog siv los npog qhov vuam thiab qhov ze ntawm seam tam sim ntawd tom qab vuam. Me me weldments tuaj yeem muab tso rau Txias maj mam hauv daim ntaub asbestos.
2.7 Kev kho cua sov tom qab vuam
Kev kho cua sov yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tam sim ntawd tom qab vuam, lub hom phiaj yog los tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawg qeeb, tshem tawm kev ntxhov siab thiab txhim kho cov qauv.
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3 Kev ceev faj rau vuam
(1) Thaum welding hom hlau, ntsuas xws li preheating thiab qeeb txias tom qab vuam yuav tsum tau ua. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov siab dua qhov kub ntawm preheating, qhov zoo dua. Cov txheej txheem vuam yuav tsum tau ua raws li nruj me ntsis.
(2) Cov txheej txheem vuam ntau yuav tsum tau siv rau cov phaj tuab, thiab cov txheej txheem sib txuas yuav tsum tsis txhob qis dua qhov kub ntawm preheating. Lub vuam yuav tsum ua kom tiav hauv ib qho mus, thiab nws yog qhov zoo tshaj kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam. Yog tias muaj qhov xav tau ncua ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, thermal rwb thaiv tsev thiab kev ntsuas cua txias yuav tsum tau ua, thiab tib lub preheating ntsuas yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej vuam dua.
(3) Thaum lub sij hawm vuam txheej txheem, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj mloog mus rau sau lub arc craters, polishing cov pob qij txha, thiab tshem tawm crater tawg (kub tawg). Ntxiv mus, qhov loj dua tam sim no, qhov tob ntawm arc crater. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem vuam cov lus qhia yuav tsum tau ua raws li nruj me ntsis rau xaiv vuam tsis thiab tsim nyog vuam kab zog.
(4) Kev tsim kho lub koom haum kuj tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm vuam, thiab kev koom tes ntawm ntau hom kev ua haujlwm yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb kom tsis txhob nkim qhov zoo ntawm tag nrho cov vuam vim tsis ua hauj lwm txuas mus rau cov txheej txheem tom ntej.
(5) Kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them rau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm huab cua ib puag ncig. Thaum lub ambient kub tsis tshua muaj, lub preheating kub yuav tsum tsim nyog los tiv thaiv qhov kub los ntawm poob sai heev, thiab kev ntsuas kub ceev xws li cua thiab los nag tiv thaiv.
4 Cov ntsiab lus
Preheating, kev txuag hluav taws xob, kev kho cua sov tom qab vuam thiab lwm yam txheej txheem yog cov txheej txheem tsim nyog rau kev vuam chromium-molybdenum cov hlau tsis zoo. Peb qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug thiab tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Yog tias ib qho txuas raug tshem tawm, qhov tshwm sim yuav loj heev. Welders yuav tsum nruj me ntsis ua raws li cov txheej txheem vuam thiab ntxiv dag zog rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm welders lub siab lub luag hauj lwm. Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob muab txoj hauv kev thiab coj cov welders los ua cov txheej txheem nrog qhov tseem ceeb thiab tsim nyog. Tsuav yog peb nruj me ntsis siv cov txheej txheem vuam thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho, koom tes zoo nrog ntau hom kev ua haujlwm, thiab npaj cov txheej txheem tsim nyog, peb tuaj yeem ua kom cov vuam zoo thiab cov kev xav tau.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-01-2023
