Xinfa vuam cov cuab yeej muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo thiab tus nqi qis. Yog xav paub ntxiv, thov mus saib:Vuam & txiav Manufacturers - Tuam Tshoj Vuam & Txiav Hoobkas & lwm tus neeg (xinfatools.com)
4. Arc pits
Nws yog ib qho kev poob qis hauv qhov kawg ntawm qhov vuam, uas tsis tsuas yog ua rau lub zog vuam tsis muaj zog, tab sis kuj ua rau tawg thaum lub caij txias.
4.1 Ua rau:
Feem ntau, lub sij hawm arc extinguishing yog luv luv thaum kawg ntawm vuam, los yog tam sim no siv thaum vuam nyias daim hlau loj dhau.
4.2 Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv:
Thaum lub vuam tiav lawm, ua kom cov electrode nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv lossis ua ob peb lub voj voog. Tsis txhob nres lub arc tam sim ntawd kom muaj hlau txaus los sau lub pas dej molten. Xyuas kom tsim nyog tam sim no thaum vuam. Cov khoom tseem ceeb tuaj yeem nruab nrog arc-pib daim hlau los ua lub qhov arc tawm ntawm qhov vuam.
5. Slag suav nrog
5.1 Phenomenon: non-metallic inclusions xws li oxides, nitrides, sulfides, phosphides, thiab lwm yam yog pom nyob rau hauv lub vuam los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj, tsim ntau yam ntawm cov duab tsis sib xws, thiab ntau yam yog lub khob hliav qab, koob-puab thiab lwm yam. slag suav nrog. Slag inclusions nyob rau hauv cov hlau welds yuav txo cov plasticity thiab toughness ntawm hlau lug, thiab tseem yuav ua rau kom muaj kev ntxhov siab, ua rau txias thiab kub brittleness, uas yog ib qho yooj yim rau tawg thiab puas cov khoom.
5.2 Yog vim li cas:
5.2.1 Lub vuam hauv paus hlau tsis raug ntxuav kom zoo, vuam tam sim no me dhau, cov hlau molten solidifies sai dhau, thiab cov slag tsis muaj sij hawm los ntab tawm.
5.2.2 Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov vuam puag hlau thiab vuam pas nrig tsis huv. Yog hais tias muaj ntau yam xws li oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, silicon, thiab lwm yam nyob rau hauv lub pas dej ua ke molten thaum lub sij hawm vuam, non-metallic slag inclusions yog yooj yim tsim.
5.2.3 Lub welder tsis txawj ua haujlwm thiab txoj kev thauj mus los ntawm pas nrig yog qhov tsis raug, yog li cov slag thiab molten hlau sib xyaw thiab sib cais, uas cuam tshuam cov slag los ntawm ntab.
5.2.4 Lub kaum sab xis vuam yog me me, lub vuam pas nrig txheej ntog tawm hauv daim thiab tsis yaj los ntawm arc; Thaum lub sij hawm ntau txheej vuam, lub slag tsis raug ntxuav kom zoo, thiab lub slag tsis raug tshem tawm nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm, uas yog tag nrho cov ua rau ntawm slag suav nrog.
5.3 Kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj kev ntsuas
5.3.1 Siv vuam rods nrog tsuas zoo vuam txheej txheem kev ua tau zoo, thiab cov welded steel yuav tsum tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsim.
5.3.2 Xaiv cov txheej txheem vuam tsim nyog los ntawm kev ntsuas txheej txheem vuam. Them mloog mus rau kev ntxuav ntawm vuam zawj thiab ntug ntau yam. Lub vuam pas nrig zawj yuav tsum tsis txhob me me dhau. Rau ntau txheej welds, vuam slag ntawm txhua txheej ntawm welds yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tshem tawm.
5.3.3 Thaum siv cov kua qaub kua qaub, cov slag yuav tsum nyob tom qab lub pas dej molten; Thaum siv alkaline electrodes rau vuam ntsug lub kaum sab xis, ntxiv rau kom raug xaiv cov vuam tam sim no, luv luv arc vuam yuav tsum tau siv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov electrode yuav tsum tau txav mus kom raug kom cov electrode viav vias kom tsim nyog kom cov slag ntab mus rau saum npoo.
5.3.4 Siv preheating ua ntej welding, cua sov thaum vuam, thiab rwb thaiv tsev tom qab vuam kom nws txias maj mam kom txo tau slag inclusions.
6. Porosity
6.1 Phenomenon: Cov roj absorbed nyob rau hauv melted weld hlau thaum lub sij hawm welding txheej txheem tsis muaj sij hawm yuav tsum tau tawm ntawm lub molten pas dej ua ntej txias, thiab tseem nyob rau hauv lub weld los tsim lub qhov. Raws li qhov chaw ntawm qhov pores, lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov pores sab hauv thiab sab nraud; Raws li kev faib tawm thiab cov duab ntawm qhov tsis xws luag, lub xub ntiag ntawm pores nyob rau hauv weld yuav txo tau lub zog ntawm weld, thiab kuj tsim kev nyuaj siab concentration, ua rau kom tsis muaj kub brittleness, thermal cracking nyiam, thiab lwm yam.
6.2 Yog vim li cas
6.2.1 Qhov zoo ntawm cov vuam pas nrig nws tus kheej yog qhov tsis zoo, lub vuam pas nrig yog damp thiab tsis qhuav raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua; lub vuam pas nrig txheej yog deteriorated los yog tev tawm; lub vuam core yog xeb, thiab lwm yam.
6.2.2 Muaj roj seem nyob rau hauv smelting ntawm niam txiv cov khoom; lub vuam pas nrig thiab cov vuam yog stained nrog impurities xws li xeb thiab roj, thiab thaum lub sij hawm vuam txheej txheem, roj yog generated vim kub gasification.
6.2.3 Cov welder tsis txawj siv tshuab ua haujlwm, lossis muaj qhov muag tsis pom kev thiab tsis tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm cov hlau molten thiab txheej, kom cov roj hauv txheej yog tov nrog cov tshuaj tov hlau. Lub vuam tam sim no loj dhau, ua rau vuam pas nrig liab thiab txo cov nyhuv tiv thaiv; lub arc ntev ntev dhau lawm; lub hwj chim mov voltage fluctuates ntau dhau, ua rau lub arc hlawv unstablely, thiab lwm yam.
6.3 Kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj kev ntsuas
6.3.1 Xaiv cov hlau vuam uas tsim nyog, thiab tsis txhob siv cov vuam rods nrog tawg, tev, deteriorated, eccentric los yog rusted heev coatings. Ntxuav cov roj stains thiab xeb qhov chaw nyob ze ntawm qhov vuam thiab ntawm qhov chaw ntawm vuam pas nrig.
6.3.2 Xaiv qhov tsim nyog tam sim no thiab tswj cov vuam ceev. Preheat lub workpiece ua ntej welding. Thaum welding tiav los yog nres, lub arc yuav tsum tau maj mam tshem tawm, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev ua kom qeeb ntawm qhov txias txias ntawm lub pas dej molten thiab cov pa tawm ntawm cov pa hauv lub pas dej molten, zam qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis xws luag.
6.3.3 Txo cov av noo ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm vuam thiab nce qhov kub ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Thaum vuam sab nraum zoov, yog tias cua ceev nce mus txog 8m / s, nag, dej lwg, daus, thiab lwm yam, kev ntsuas zoo xws li cua daj cua dub thiab cov canopies yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej vuam ua haujlwm.
7. Tsis ua kom huv si spatter thiab vuam slag tom qab vuam
7.1 Phenomenon: Qhov no yog qhov teeb meem tshwm sim ntau tshaj plaws, uas tsis yog qhov tsis zoo xwb tab sis kuj muaj teeb meem loj heev. Fusible spatter yuav ua rau kom cov qauv hardened ntawm cov khoom nto, thiab nws yog ib qho yooj yim los tsim cov tsis xws luag xws li hardening thiab hauv zos corrosion.
7.2 vim
7.2.1 Cov tawv nqaij ntawm cov khoom siv vuam yog damp thiab deteriorated thaum lub sij hawm cia, los yog xaiv vuam pas nrig tsis phim cov khoom niam txiv.
7.2.2 Kev xaiv cov khoom siv vuam tsis ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, AC thiab DC vuam cov cuab yeej tsis sib xws nrog cov khoom siv vuam, cov txheej txheem kev sib txuas ntawm cov kab txuas txuas tsis raug, qhov vuam tam sim no loj, vuam groove ntug yog paug los ntawm cov khib nyiab thiab cov roj stains, thiab qhov chaw vuam tsis ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm vuam.
7.2.3 Tus neeg teb xov tooj tsis txawj thiab tsis ua haujlwm thiab tiv thaiv raws li cov cai.
7.3 Kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj kev ntsuas
7.3.1 Xaiv cov khoom siv vuam tsim nyog raws li cov khoom siv niam txiv vuam.
7.3.2 welding pas nrig yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej ziab kom qhuav thiab kub tsis tu ncua, thiab yuav tsum muaj lub tshuab dehumidifier thiab cua txias hauv chav ziab, uas tsis pub tsawg tshaj 300 hli ntawm hauv av thiab phab ntsa. Tsim kom muaj kev txais, xa, siv, thiab khaws cov welding rods (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov hlab ntsha siab).
7.3.3 Ntxuav cov ntug ntawm cov vuam kom tshem tawm cov dej noo, roj stains, thiab xeb los ntawm cov khib nyiab. Thaum lub caij ntuj no los nag, lub tsev tiv thaiv yog tsim los xyuas kom meej qhov chaw vuam.
7.3.4 Ua ntej vuam cov hlau tsis-ferrous thiab stainless hlau, cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv tuaj yeem siv rau cov ntaub ntawv niam txiv ntawm ob sab ntawm qhov vuam rau kev tiv thaiv. Koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov welding rods, nyias-coated vuam rods thiab argon tiv thaiv kom tshem tawm spatter thiab txo slag.
7.3.5 Vuam ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau tu raws sij hawm ntawm vuam slag thiab kev tiv thaiv.
8. Arc caws pliav
8.1 Phenomenon: Vim yog kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua, lub vuam pas nrig lossis vuam kov tau hu rau qhov vuam, lossis cov xaim hauv av hu rau lub chaw ua haujlwm tsis zoo, ua rau arc rau lub sijhawm luv luv, tawm hauv qhov caws pliav ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm.
8.2 Yog vim li cas: Tus neeg siv hluav taws xob vuam tsis tu ncua thiab tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj cov cuab yeej.
8.3 Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv: Welders yuav tsum tsis tu ncua xyuas cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov vuam hlau thiab hauv av hlau siv, thiab qhwv lawv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm yog tias lawv puas. Cov hlau hauv av yuav tsum tau muab ntsia kom ruaj khov thiab ntseeg tau. Tsis txhob pib lub arc sab nraum lub vuam thaum vuam. Lub vuam clamp yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv kev sib cais los ntawm cov khoom siv niam txiv los yog dai kom tsim nyog. Txiav tawm lub hwj huam mov hauv lub sij hawm thaum tsis vuam. Yog tias pom arc khawb, lawv yuav tsum tau polished nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob sib tsoo lub sijhawm. Vim hais tias ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm nrog corrosion kuj yuav tsum tau xws li stainless hlau, arc nti yuav dhau los ua qhov pib ntawm corrosion thiab txo qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom.
9. Weld caws pliav
9.1 Phenomenon: Kev ua tsis tiav ntawm kev ntxuav cov caws pliav tom qab vuam yuav cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv macroscopic zoo, thiab kev tuav tsis raug yuav ua rau tawg tawg.
9.2 Ua rau: Thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom siv tsis yog tus qauv, qhov chaw vuam fixtures tshwm sim thaum lawv raug tshem tawm tom qab ua tiav.
9.3 Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv: Lub hoisting fixtures siv nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem sib dhos yuav tsum tau polished nrog lub log sib tsoo kom yaug nrog cov khoom siv niam txiv tom qab tshem tawm. Tsis txhob siv lub sledgehammer los tsoo cov khoom siv kom tsis txhob ua rau niam txiv cov khoom puas. Arc pits thiab khawb uas sib sib zog nqus heev thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob vuam yuav tsum tau kho thiab polished nrog lub log sib tsoo kom yaug nrog cov khoom siv niam txiv. Tsuav koj xyuam xim thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, qhov teeb meem no tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm.
10. Kev nkag tsis tiav
10.1 Phenomenon: Thaum lub sij hawm welding, lub hauv paus ntawm lub weld tsis tag fused nrog cov niam txiv cov ntaub ntawv los yog cov niam txiv cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov niam txiv cov ntaub ntawv yog ib feem tsis tiav welded. Qhov teeb meem no yog hu ua incomplete penetration or incomplete fusion. Nws txo cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm kev sib koom ua ke thiab yuav ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab tawg hauv cheeb tsam no. Hauv kev vuam, txhua qhov vuam tsis raug tso cai kom muaj kev nkag tsis tiav.
10.2 Ua rau
10.2.1 Qhov zawj tsis tau ua tiav raws li cov kev cai, lub thickness ntawm lub blunt ntug loj heev, thiab lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub zawj los yog qhov sib txawv ntawm lub rooj sib txoos yog me me heev.
10.2.2 Thaum welding ob sab, lub hauv paus rov qab tsis huv los yog ob sab ntawm cov zawj thiab cov interlayer weld tsis huv, yog li ntawd oxides, slag, thiab lwm yam cuam tshuam rau tag nrho fusion ntawm cov hlau.
10.2.3 Tus welder tsis txawj ua haujlwm. Piv txwv li, thaum lub vuam tam sim no loj dhau, cov khoom siv hauv paus tsis tau yaj, tab sis cov vuam pas nrig tau yaj, yog li cov khoom siv hauv paus thiab cov vuam pas nrig tso hlau tsis fused ua ke; thaum tam sim no me me dhau; qhov ceev ntawm vuam pas nrig yog ceev heev, cov khoom siv hauv paus thiab vuam pas nrig tso hlau tsis tuaj yeem ua kom zoo fused; Nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm, lub kaum sab xis ntawm vuam pas nrig tsis raug, lub melting yog biased rau ib sab, los yog lub phenomenon ntawm tshuab thaum vuam yuav tshwm sim, uas yuav ua rau tsis tiav nkag mus rau hauv lub arc tsis ua hauj lwm.
10.3 Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv
10.3.1 Cov txheej txheem thiab sib sau ua ke qhov sib txawv raws li qhov zawj me me tau teev tseg hauv cov qauv tsim los yog cov qauv tshwj xeeb.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-28-2024
