1. Oxide zaj duab xis:
Aluminium yog yooj yim heev rau oxidize nyob rau hauv cov huab cua thiab thaum lub sij hawm vuam. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm txhuas oxide (Al2O3) muaj qhov siab melting point, ruaj khov heev, thiab nyuaj rau tshem tawm. Nws cuam tshuam qhov melting thiab fusion ntawm niam txiv cov khoom. Cov oxide zaj duab xis muaj lub ntiajteb txawj nqus siab thiab tsis yooj yim rau ntab mus rau saum npoo. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los tsim qhov tsis xws luag xws li slag suav nrog, tsis tiav fusion, thiab tsis tiav kev nkag mus.
Qhov saum npoo oxide zaj duab xis ntawm txhuas thiab qhov nqus ntawm cov dej noo ntau tuaj yeem ua rau lub qhov hws hauv qhov vuam. Ua ntej welding, cov tshuaj los yog cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau siv los ua kom huv si nruj thiab tshem tawm cov oxide zaj duab xis.
Txhim khu kev tiv thaiv thaum lub sij hawm vuam txheej txheem los tiv thaiv oxidation. Thaum siv tungsten inert gas welding, siv AC lub zog los tshem tawm cov oxide zaj duab xis los ntawm "cathode tu" nyhuv.
Thaum siv cov roj vuam, siv cov flux uas tshem tawm cov oxide zaj duab xis. Thaum welding tuab daim hlau, qhov vuam kub tuaj yeem nce ntxiv. Piv txwv li, helium arc muaj cua sov loj, thiab helium lossis argon-helium sib xyaw roj yog siv los tiv thaiv, los yog siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob loj melting electrode gas shielded vuam. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev sib txuas ncaj qha tam sim no zoo, "cathode tu" tsis tas yuav tsum tau.
2. High thermal conductivity
Lub thermal conductivity thiab tshwj xeeb kub muaj peev xwm ntawm txhuas thiab txhuas alloys yog hais txog ob zaug ntawm carbon steel thiab low-alloy steel. Lub thermal conductivity ntawm txhuas yog ntau tshaj kaum npaug ntawm austenitic stainless hlau.
Thaum lub sij hawm vuam txheej txheem, ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm tshav kub yuav ua tau sai sai mus rau hauv lub hauv paus hlau. Yog li ntawd, thaum welding aluminium thiab aluminium alloys, ntxiv rau lub zog siv nyob rau hauv lub pas dej ua ke hlau molten, cov cua sov ntau kuj tseem siv rau lwm qhov ntawm cov hlau. Qhov no Kev noj ntawm hom tsis siv lub zog no tseem ceeb dua li cov hlau vuam. Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov khoom zoo welded pob qij txha, lub zog nrog lub zog muaj zog thiab lub zog siab yuav tsum tau siv ntau li ntau tau, thiab qee zaum preheating thiab lwm yam kev ntsuas kuj tseem siv tau.
3. Loj linear expansion coefficient, yooj yim rau deform thiab tsim thermal tawg
Lub linear expansion coefficient ntawm txhuas thiab txhuas alloys yog kwv yees li ob zaug ntawm carbon steel thiab tsawg alloy hlau. Lub ntim shrinkage ntawm aluminium thaum lub sij hawm solidification yog loj, thiab lub deformation thiab kev nyuaj siab ntawm weldment yog loj. Yog li ntawd, kev ntsuas yuav tsum tau ua los tiv thaiv vuam deformation.
Thaum cov txhuas vuam molten pas dej ua ke, nws yog ib qho yooj yim los tsim shrinkage kab noj hniav, shrinkage porosity, kub tawg thiab siab sab hauv.
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Kev ntsuas tuaj yeem raug coj los kho qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov vuam hlau thiab cov txheej txheem vuam los tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm kub tawg thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom. Yog tias muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion, aluminium-silicon alloy vuam hlau tuaj yeem siv los vuam aluminium alloys uas tsis yog aluminium-magnesium alloys. Thaum cov txhuas-silicon alloy muaj 0.5% silicon, qhov nyiam ntawm kub tawg yog ntau dua. Raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm silicon nce, lub crystallization kub ntau ntawm cov hlau ua me me, qhov fluidity nce ntau, qhov shrinkage tus nqi txo, thiab cov nyiam ntawm kub cracking kuj txo raws li.
Raws li kev tsim khoom, kub tawg yuav tsis tshwm sim thaum cov ntsiab lus silicon yog 5% mus rau 6%, yog li siv SAlSi sawb (silicon cov ntsiab lus 4.5% mus rau 6%) vuam hlau yuav muaj kev tawg zoo dua.
4. Yooj yim yaj hydrogen
Aluminium thiab aluminium alloys tuaj yeem yaj ntau cov hydrogen hauv cov kua hauv lub xeev, tab sis tsis tshua yaj hydrogen hauv cov khoom hauv lub xeev. Thaum lub sij hawm solidification thiab ceev txias txheej txheem ntawm lub vuam pas dej ua ke, hydrogen tsis muaj sij hawm los khiav, thiab hydrogen qhov yog yooj yim tsim. Cov dej noo nyob rau hauv arc kem huab cua, cov dej noo adsorbed los ntawm oxide zaj duab xis rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv vuam thiab cov hlau puag yog txhua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm hydrogen hauv qhov vuam. Yog li ntawd, lub hauv paus ntawm hydrogen yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj kom tsis txhob muaj qhov pores.
5. Cov pob qij txha thiab cov chaw muaj cua sov tau yooj yim softened
Cov ntsiab lus alloy yog yooj yim rau evaporate thiab hlawv, uas txo qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov vuam.
Yog hais tias lub hauv paus hlau yog deformation-strengthened los yog solid-solution muaj hnub nyoog-strengthened, welding cua sov yuav txo tau lub zog ntawm tshav kub-tshem tawm tsam.
Aluminium muaj lub ntsej muag-centered cubic lattice thiab tsis muaj allotropes. Tsis muaj theem hloov pauv thaum cua sov thiab cua txias. Cov nplej weld zoo li ua ntxhib thiab cov nplej tsis tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua los ntawm kev hloov pauv.
Vuam txoj kev
Yuav luag txhua txoj kev vuam tuaj yeem siv los vuam txhuas thiab txhuas alloys, tab sis txhuas thiab txhuas alloys muaj qhov sib txawv rau ntau txoj kev vuam, thiab ntau txoj kev vuam muaj lawv tus kheej thov sijhawm.
Gas welding thiab electrode arc vuam txoj kev yog yooj yim hauv cov cuab yeej thiab yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam. Gas welding tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho vuam ntawm cov ntawv txhuas thiab cov castings uas tsis tas yuav tsum tau vuam zoo. Electrode arc vuam tuaj yeem siv los kho vuam ntawm aluminium alloy castings.
Inert gas shielded welding (TIG lossis MIG) txoj kev yog txoj kev siv dav tshaj plaws rau txhuas thiab txhuas alloys.
Cov nplooj ntawv txhuas thiab aluminium alloy tuaj yeem welded los ntawm tungsten electrode alternating tam sim no argon arc vuam lossis tungsten electrode mem tes argon arc vuam.
Aluminium thiab aluminium alloy tuab daim hlau tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm tungsten helium arc vuam, argon-helium sib xyaw tungsten arc vuam, roj hlau arc vuam, thiab mem tes hlau arc vuam. Gas hlau arc vuam thiab mem tes roj hlau arc vuam yog nce siv.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-25-2024
